嵌合抗原受体和TCR修饰的T细胞技术进入大街和华尔街

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Chimeric Antigen Receptor- and TCR-Modified T Cells Enter Main Street and Wall Street.

The field of adoptive cell transfer (ACT) is currently comprised of chimeric Ag receptor (CAR)- and TCR-engineered T cells and has emerged from principles of basic immunology to paradigm-shifting clinical immunotherapy. ACT of T cells engineered to express artificial receptors that target cells of choice is an exciting new approach for cancer, and it holds equal promise for chronic infection and autoimmunity. Using principles of synthetic biology, advances in immunology, and genetic engineering have made it possible to generate human T cells that display desired specificities and enhanced functionalities. Clinical trials in patients with advanced B cell leukemias and lymphomas treated with CD19-specific CAR T cells have induced durable remissions in **s and children. The prospects for the widespread availability of engineered T cells have changed dramatically given the recent entry of the pharmaceutical industry to this arena. In this overview, we discuss some of the challenges and opportunities that face the field of ACT.

嵌合抗原受体和TCR修饰的T细胞技术进入大街和华尔街

过继T细胞移植(ACT)目前包括了嵌合抗原受体(CAR)和TCR修饰的T细胞技术，而且已经从基础免疫学的研究步入了临床免疫治疗阶段。T细胞修饰后表达人工受体的过继T细胞移植技术能够选择性的靶向细胞是治疗癌症的一个好消息，同样对于慢性传染疾病和自体免疫疾病也同样带来希望。利用合成生物学原理，免疫学和基因工程的进展，有可能产生显示所需特殊性和增强功能的人类细胞。临床试验中发现，使用CD19 CAR-T细胞能够对成人和儿童的B细胞淋巴瘤和白血病具有持续的缓解作用。由于近年来医药行业进入到这个领域，工程化细胞的广泛应用，使得前景发生了巨大的变化。在这篇综述中，我们讨论面对ACT领域，需要面临的一些挑战和机遇。

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