德国医生宣布“治愈”一例HIV患者【英汉对照】

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德国医生宣布“治愈”一例HIV患者【英汉对照】
2010年12月17日10:36来源：好医生网站新闻检索： **链接  |  打印  |  大 中 小
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大 中 小(Reuters) - German researchers who used a bone marrow transplant to treat a cancer patient with the AIDS virus, have declared him cured of the virus -- a stunning claim in a field where the word "cure" is barely whispered.

（路透社）-德国研究者宣称他们在通过骨髓移植治疗一位感染AIDS病毒的癌症患者的同时，治愈了该患者的病毒感染——此项惊人的报道中“治愈”一词，在该领域几乎是个传闻。

The patient, who had both HIV infection and leukemia, received the bone marrow transplant in 2007 from a donor who had a genetic mutation known to give patients a natural immunity to the virus.

该患者同时患有HIV感染和白血病，曾在2007年接受过骨髓移植，而骨髓的捐献者携带一种可使患者对HIV病毒具有天然免疫性的基因突变。

Nearly four years after the transplant, the patient is free of the virus and it does not appear to be hiding anywhere in his body, Thomas Schneider of Berlin Charite hospital and colleagues said.

柏林Charite 医院的Thomas Schneider和同事们说，在移植后近4年的时间里，该患者不再有病毒感染而且似乎在他体内也没有病毒潜伏。

"Our results strongly suggest that cure of HIV has been achieved in this patient," they wrote in the journal Blood.

他们发表在《血液》杂志的文章中指出：“我们的结果强烈提示HIV的治愈已经在这例患者中实现。”

AIDS researchers have rejected the approach on any kind of scale for patients with HIV. A bone marrow transplant is a last-ditch treatment for cancers such as leukemia.

但AIDS研究者们反对将该方法用于任何HIV感染的患者。骨髓移植仅作为白血病这类癌症的最后治疗手段。

It requires destruction of a patient's own bone marrow -- itself a harrowing process -- and then a transplant from a donor who has a near-exact blood and immune system type. Months of recovery are needed while the transplant grows and reconstitutes the patient's immune system.

这种治疗需要破坏患者自身的骨髓——这本身就是一个痛苦的过程，然后从一位血型和免疫型几近相同的捐赠者获得骨髓移植。

"It's not practical and it can kill people," said Dr. Robert Gallo of the Institute of Human Virology at the University of Maryland, who helped discover the human immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDS.

马里兰大学人类病毒研究所的Robert Gallo博士说：“这并不实用而且可能致命。”Robert Gallo博士曾参与了发现人免疫缺陷病毒导致AIDS的研究。

"It is possibly a cure, that's for sure, you won't know for absolute sure until the person dies and undergoes extreme PCR (genetic) **ysis of post-mortem tissue."

“这有可能是治愈，可以肯定；但并不能完全肯定，除非这个患者死后进行彻底的死后组织PCR（遗传）分析。”

The mutation affects a receptor, a cellular doorway, called CCR5, that the AIDS virus uses to get into the cells it infects.

这种突变可影响一种叫做CCR5的细胞通道受体，AIDS病毒常通过这种通道进入并感染细胞。

Since the 1990s scientists have known that some people, mostly of Northern European descent, have the mutation and are rarely infected with HIV.

自上世纪90年代科学家们发现，在某些人群中，主要是北欧系人群携带该突变，很少发生HIV感染。

"They are uninfectable, virtually," Gallo said.

Gallo说：“事实上，他们不可被感染。”

Some researchers are working on the idea of gene therapy to treat or try to cure HIV, but the technology is still in experimental stages.

一些研究者们正在设法通过基因治疗来治疗或试图治愈HIV，但这种技术仍处于实验阶段。

"I don't want to throw cold water on an interesting thing, but that's what it is -- an interesting thing," Gallo said.

Gallo说：“我并不想对一件令人感兴趣的事泼冷水，但情况就是这样——一件令人感兴趣的事。”

Schneider's team has been following the patient, taking samples from his colon, liver, spinal fluid and brain as he developed various conditions that justified the tests. They tested all these samples for evidence of the virus, which can be difficult to detect unless it is actively infecting cells.

Schneider的研究小组一直在跟踪随访该患者，并随着疾病的发展从患者的结肠、肝脏、脑脊液和脑组织中采样检测证实了该结果。 他们在所有这些样本中检测是否存在病毒感染的证据，在这样的检测中除非是活性感染的细胞，否则很难被检出。

All these places are suspected "reservoirs" where HIV can hide out for years, to rebound in patients who stop taking drugs that suppress the infection.

所有这些都是HIV可能潜伏数年，并在在患者停止服用抗感染药物后造成病毒反弹的可疑部位。

This patient appears to have a fully functioning immune system, they found, which appears genetically identical to cells from the donor -- not the patient's own immune cells.

他们发现该患者表现出了健全的免疫系统功能，在遗传上与骨髓捐献者的细胞相似——而非患者自身的免疫细胞。

Schneider's team found no evidence of HIV anywhere.

Schneider的研究组没有发现任何HIV感染的证据。

"From these results, it is reasonable to conclude that cure of HIV infection has been achieved in this patient," they wrote.

他们写到：“从这些结果来看，有理由得出结论HIV感染的治愈在这例患者中实现了。”

The AIDS virus infects 33 million people globally and has killed more than 25 million since the pandemic began in the 1980s. Cocktails of strong drugs can suppress the virus, keeping patients healthy and reducing the chance they will infect others, but there is no vaccine.

自上世纪80年代AIDS病毒感开始染流行以来，全球共有3300万人感染该病毒，并有超过2500万人死于这种感染。含有强力抗病毒药物的鸡尾酒疗法可抑制病毒**、保持患者健康并减少传染他人的机会，但至今尚无疫苗。