CD19 靶向CAR-T细胞治疗，对抗B细胞恶性肿瘤的新工具

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CD19-Targeted CAR T Cells A New Tool in the Fight against B Cell Malignancies

Abstract

Adoptive cell immunotherapy is a novel tool in the fight against cancer. Serving both effector and memory functions for the immune system, T cells make an obvious candidate for adoptive cell immunotherapy. By modifying native T cells with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), these cells can theoretically be targeted against any extracellular antigen. To date, the best-studied and clinically validated CAR T cells recognize CD19, a cell surface molecule on B cells and B cell malignancies. These CD19-directed T cells have shown clinical utility in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, with some patients achieving long-term disease remissions after treatment. This review will briefly summarize the current data supporting the use of adoptively transferred CAR T cells for the treatment of CD19-positive malignancies. Given these exciting results, the Food and Drug Administration has granted a 'breakthrough' designation for several variations of CD19-directed CAR T cells for treatment of ** and pediatric relapsed/refractory ALL.

© 2015 S. Karger GmbH, Freiburg.

CD19 靶向CAR-T细胞治疗，对抗B细胞恶性肿瘤的新工具

摘要：

过继细胞免疫治疗是对抗癌症的新工具。为免疫系统提供效应和记忆功能，T 细可以作为过继免疫细胞治疗一个明显的后补对象。利用嵌合抗原（CAR）修饰的天然T细胞，它们理论上能够靶向对抗任何细胞外的抗原。到目前为止，研究的最透彻，临床试验最广的CAR-T 细胞识别的是CD19，B细胞和B细胞恶性肿瘤细胞表面的细胞分子。这些靶向CD19的T细胞在慢性淋巴细胞白血病、急性淋巴细胞白血病和非霍奇金淋巴瘤的临床治疗中展现了治疗效果，在治疗之后一些病人具有长期的疾病缓解。这篇综述将会简明的总结目前的数据来支持CD19阳性淋巴细胞白血病的过继CAR-T细胞治疗。有了这些激动人心的结论，食品药品监督管理局已经批准了几种突破性的针对CD19靶向的CAR-T细胞的设计，来治疗成人和儿童复发/难治性急性淋巴细胞白血病。

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