CAR修饰的T/NK细胞在多发性骨髓瘤中的应用

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Application of Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Modified CAR-T/NK Cells to Treatment of Multiple Myeloma

Chimeric antigen receptor(CAR) is a synthesized transmembrane protein, which redirects the modified cells through specific or associated antigen on tumor cells. CAR-modified T/NK cells, especially CAR-T cells, are a new tool of rapidly developing of adoptive immunotherapy of tumor in recent years, they give T/NK cells the targeting cytotoxic activity and can overcome the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment and break the state of the host immune tolerance. CAR combines the single-chain antibody to tumor-associated antigen with T/NK cells' activated motifs, giving T/NK cells' tumor targeting activity, so enhancing their cytotoxic activity and lasting the vitality by gene transduction. In this article the CAR development, comparison of CAR-T and CAR-NK cells, surface markers on MM cells and use of CAR in MM, and CAR perspectives are summarized.

CAR修饰的T/NK细胞在多发性骨髓瘤中的应用

嵌合抗原受体(CAR)是一种合成的跨膜蛋白，它能够通过特异的或者相关的抗原介导修饰的细胞到达肿瘤细胞。CAR修饰的T/NK细胞，尤其是CAR-T细胞，是一种近年来快速发展起来的新型对抗肿瘤的过继免疫治疗技术。这种技术能够赋予T/NK细胞靶向杀伤活性，并且能够克服肿瘤的免疫抑制微环境和打破宿主免疫耐受的状态。CAR结合单链抗体到达肿瘤相关抗原，从而赋予了T/NK细胞靶向的抗肿瘤活性。因此，增加它们的杀伤活性和维持他们的活性需要通过基因转导的方式。在这篇文章中，将会总结CAR的发展，CAR-T和CAR-NK细胞技术的比较，MM细胞表面的标记物和CAR在MM疾病中的应用以及 CAR治疗的一些观点。

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